Comparison of Degree/Change of Degree. (Changing Sentences.
Transformation of Sentences.)
Degree হল Adjective এর রূপভেদ। এটি ৩টি ভাগে বিভক্ত। যথা-
Positive Degree
Comparative Degree
Superlative Degree
Positive Degree:
কোন sentence এ Noun বা pronoun এর দোষ, গুন, অবস্থা ইত্যাদি বুঝাতে adjective এর যে রূপ ব্যবহার হয় তাকে Positive Degree বলে।
Structure: Sub + Verb + Adj + ........
যেমন – Mr. Roni is a good man.
Comparative Degree:
সাধারণত
দুটি Noun বা pronoun এর দোষ, গুন, অবস্থা ইত্যাদির তুলনা বুঝাতে
adjective এর যে রূপ ব্যবহার হয় তাকে Comparative Degree বলে।
Structure: Sub + Verb + Adj (Comparative Form) + than + ........
যেমন – Rahim is wiser than Karim.
Superlative Degree:
সাধারণত অনেকের মধ্যে তুলনা বুঝাতে adjective এর যে রূপ ব্যবহার হয় তাকে Superlative Degree বলে।
Structure: Sub + Verb + the + Adj (Superlative Form) + ........
যেমন – Rony is the best player in the team.
Change of Degrees:
N.B: No other, any other, of any এর পর Noun/Pronoun এর Singular হয়।
কিন্তু All other, most other, many other, few other, very few, one of the এর পর Noun/Pronoun এর Plural হয়।
##
Positive to Superlative, Superlative to Positive, Positive to
Comparative and Comparative to Positive এর করতে বাক্যের Object,
Subject এ পরিণত হয় এবং Subject, Object এ পরিণত হয়।
কিন্তু Superlative হতে Comparative অথবা Comparative হতে Superlative তে পরিবর্তনের সময় Subject/Object এর স্থান বিনিময় হয় না।)
Sperlative Degree into Positive Degree
Superlative Degree কে Positive Degree তে রুপান্তর করার নিয়মঃ
Rule 1:
No other + প্রদত্ত Superlative এর পরের অংশ + verb + so/as + Superlative Degree এর Positive form + as + মূল sentence এর subject.
Superlative: Rony is the smallest player in the team.
Positive: No other player in the team is as small as Rony.
Superlative: Sima is the best housewife.
Positive: No other housewife is as good as Sima.
Rule 2:
all
other, most other, many other, few other, very few, one of the যুক্ত
Superlative Degree কে Positive Degree তে রুপান্তর করার নিয়মঃ
প্রথমে
very few + Superlative এর পরের অংশ + verb এর plural form + so/as +
Superlative Degree এর Positive form + as + মূল sentence এর subject.
Superlative: He is one of the best players in the team.
Positive: Very few players in the team are as good as he.
Superlative: Iron is one of the most useful metals.
Positive: Very few metals are as useful as Iron.
Comparative into positive
Rule 1:
Than any other/all other যুক্ত Comparative Degree কে Positive Degree তে রুপান্তর করার নিয়মঃ
No
other + any other/all other এর পরের অংশ + verb + so/as + Comparative
Degree এর Positive form + as + প্রদত্ত sentence এর subject.
Comparative: kibria is greater than any other boy in the class.
Positive: No other boy in the class is as great as Kibria.
Comparative: Dhaka is larger than all other cities in Bangladesh.
Positive: No other cities in Bangladesh is as large as Dhaka.
Rule 2:
Than যুক্ত Comparative Degree কে Positive Degree তে রুপান্তর করার নিয়মঃ
Than এর পরের অংশ + verb + not + so/as + Comparative এর Positive form + as + প্রদত্ত sentence এর subject.
Comparative: Rony is bigger than Bony.
Positive: Bony is not as big as Rony.
Comparative: He is stronger than I.
Positive: I am not as strong as he.
Rule 3:
Than most other / than few other যুক্ত Comparative Degree কে Positive Degree তে রুপান্তর করার নিয়মঃ
Very
few + most other/few other এর পরের অংশ + verb এর plural form + so/as +
Comparative এর Positive form + as + প্রদত্ত sentence এর subject.
Comparative: The gold is most useful than most other metals.
Positive: very few metals are as/so useful as gold.
Comparative: A. K. Fazlul Haque was greater than most other politicians in Bangladesh.
Positive: very few politicians in Bangladesh were as/so great as A. K. Fazlul Haque.
Rule 4:
No less/not less ……..than যুক্ত Comparative Degree কে Positive Degree তে রুপান্তর করার নিয়মঃ
No less/not less এর পরিবর্তে উক্ত যায়গায় as বসে এবং than এর পরিবর্তে উক্ত যায়গায় as বসে। আর কোন পরিবর্তন হয় না।
Comparative: He is no less intelligent than you.
Positive: You are as intelligent as he.
Comparative: Kripa is not less clever than Shipa.
Positive: Shipa is as clever as Kripa.
Rule 5:
No sooner had ….than যুক্ত Comparative Degree কে Positive Degree তে রুপান্তর করার নিয়মঃ
No
sooner had এর পরিবর্তে as soon as + subject + verb এর পরিবর্তে past
form + than এর পূর্বের অংশ + than এর পরিবর্তে কমা বসে + বাকী অংশ।
Comparative: No sooner had he seen me than he ran away.
Positive: As soon as he saw me, he ran away.
Superlative into comparative:
N.B: Superlative হতে Comparative অথবা Comparative হতে Superlative তে পরিবর্তনের সময় Subject/Object এর স্থান বিনিময় হয় না।)
Rule 1:
Subject + verb + Superlative এর comparative form + than any other + প্রদত্ত sentence বাকী অংশ।
Superlative: He is the best player in the team.
Comparative: He is better than any other player in the team.
Note: All of থাকলে All of এর পরিবর্তে than all other বসে।
Superlative: He is the best of all men.
Comparative: He is better than all other men.
Rule 2:
One of the যুক্ত Superlative Degree কে Comparative Degree তে রুপান্তর করার নিয়মঃ
Subject + verb + Superlative এর comparative form + than most other + প্রদত্ত sentence বাকী অংশ।
Superlative: Kibria is one of the best players in the team.
Comparative: Kibria is better than most other players in the team.
Superlative: Canada is one of the coldest countries in the world.
Comparative: Canada is colder than most other countries in the world.
Comparative into superlative
Rule 1:
Subject + verb + the + Comparative এর superlative form + other এর পরের অংশ।
Comparative: He is better than any other player in the team.
Superlative: He is the best player in the team.
Note – other এর পর plural noun থাকলে superlative এর পরে of all বসে।
Comparative: He is taller than all other boys.
Superlative: He is the tallest of all boys.
Rule 2:
Than most other/than few other যুক্ত Comparative কে Superlative এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
Subject + verb + one of the + Comparative degree এর superlative form + most other/few other এর পরের অংশ।
Comparative: Vatican City is smaller than most other countries in the world.
Superlative: Vatican City is one of the smallest countries in the world.
Comparative: Dhaka is bigger than most other cities in Bangladesh.
Superlative: Dhaka is one of the biggest cities in Bangladesh.
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degree of comparison কাকে বলে
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